ip route get 8.8.8.8
이러면 8.8.8.8 로 가기 위한 기본 경로를 알려준다
ip route get 8.8.8.8
8.8.8.8 via 1.227.225.1 dev eth0 src 1.227.225.48
cache mtu 1500 advmss 1460 hoplimit 64
src 다음에 나오는 IP가 디폴트로 쓰이는 IP가 된다.
이것만 추출하려면
ip route get 8.8.8.8 | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f8
또는
ip route get 8.8.8.8 | sed -n 's/^.*src \([0-9.]*\) .*$/\1/p'
ip route get 8.8.8.8 | head -1 | awk '{print $7}'
Volumio Image 를 rufus 등을 이용하여 USB Stick 으로 플래쉬하고, VMWare USB Stick 으로 부팅하면
아래와 같은 메시지후 진행되지 않는다
findfs: unable to resolve 'UUID=****************...'
이는 USB Stick 이 disk drive 처럼 인식되지 않기 때문이다.
SATA disk 형태로 16GB 정도 만든후
live Linux CD/DVD 등을 준비 하여 Linux Live CD/DVD 로 부팅한다.
curl 에서는 가상호스트 등을 테스트 할때 hostname 방식으로 접근할때
HTTP 일땐 --header 에 Host 헤더를 이용하여 호스트 명을 명시해서 가능하나
ex)
hexcode.example.com 이 호스트명이고
IP 가 10.101.81.200 이라고 가정할때
curl --header "Host: hexcode.example.com" http://10.101.81.200
HTTPS 일땐 --header 에 Host 헤더를 이용하기가 어렵다.
아래와 같이 한다.
ex)
hexcode.example.com 이 호스트명이고
IP 가 10.101.81.200 이라고 가정할때
curl --resolve hexcode.example.com:443:10.101.81.200 https://hexcode.example.com
CentOS6 dmesg 에 찍히는 시간이 uptime 이후 시간이여서 알아보기 힘들다 아래와 같이 uptime - 현재시간 구해서 보면 편하다
dmesg_human () {
$(type -P dmesg) "$@" | perl -w -e 'use strict;
my ($uptime) = do { local @ARGV="/proc/uptime";<>}; ($uptime) = ($uptime =~ /^(\d+)\./);
foreach my $line (<>) {
printf( ($line=~/^\[\s*(\d+)\.\d+\](.+)/) ? ( "[%s]%s\n", scalar localtime(time - $uptime + $1), $2 ) : $line )
}'
}
Linux 커널 업그레이드 후 vmware 재실행시 모듈이 설치 되지 않았다고 다시 나온다 새 커널 버전에 맞게 모듈을 재 빌드 해야 하며 아래 명령어로 재빌드한다
vmware-modconfig --console --install-all
[ 7.537158] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=0x00 [ 7.537177] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available. [ 7.537331] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 7.537350] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: d4 80 75 b3 [ 7.537461] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found [ 7.537475] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 7.539243] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=0x00 [ 7.539264] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available. [ 7.539445] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 8.766528] usb 1-1.5: new high-speed USB device number 5 using dwc_otg [ 8.899103] usb 1-1.5: New USB device found, idVendor=13fd, idProduct=3940 [ 8.899121] usb 1-1.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [ 8.899131] usb 1-1.5: Product: External [ 8.899141] usb 1-1.5: Manufacturer: ipTIME [ 8.899152] usb 1-1.5: SerialNumber: S25YJ9CC128314 [ 8.900403] usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [ 8.900966] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0 [ 9.927979] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ipTIME External 0309 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 9.930214] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [ 9.931797] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Spinning up disk... [ 12.806512] . [ 12.806823] ready [ 12.807177] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1250263727 512-byte logical blocks: (640 GB/596 GiB) [ 12.807868] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 12.807888] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 1f 00 10 08 [ 12.808565] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, supports DPO and FUA [ 12.836220] sda: sda1 [ 12.840260] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 13.264948] EXT4-fs (sda1): recovery complete [ 13.264983] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 14.684784] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: hardware isn't capable of remote wakeup [ 14.974647] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [ 14.974674] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky[ 15.340674] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:102396k SSFS [ 18.788724] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xC5E1 [ 20.743454] random: crng init done
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my @dmesg_new = ();
my $dmesg = "/bin/dmesg";
my @dmesg_old = `$dmesg`;
my $now = time();
my $uptime = `cat /proc/uptime | cut -d"." -f1`;
my $t_now = $now - $uptime;
sub format_time {
my @time = localtime $_[0];
$time[4]+=1; # Adjust Month
$time[5]+=1900; # Adjust Year
return sprintf '%4i-%02i-%02i %02i:%02i:%02i', @time[reverse 0..5];
}
foreach my $line ( @dmesg_old )
{
chomp( $line );
if( $line =~ m/\[\s*(\d+)\.(\d+)\](.*)/i )
{
# now - uptime + sekunden
my $t_time = format_time( $t_now + $1 );
push( @dmesg_new , "[$t_time] $3" );
}
}
print join( "\n", @dmesg_new );
print "\n";
[2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=0x00 [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available. [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: d4 80 75 b3 [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=0x00 [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available. [2017-12-04 16:02:56] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: new high-speed USB device number 5 using dwc_otg [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: New USB device found, idVendor=13fd, idProduct=3940 [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: Product: External [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: Manufacturer: ipTIME [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb 1-1.5: SerialNumber: S25YJ9CC128314 [2017-12-04 16:02:57] usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [2017-12-04 16:02:57] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0 [2017-12-04 16:02:58] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ipTIME External 0309 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [2017-12-04 16:02:58] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [2017-12-04 16:02:58] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Spinning up disk... [2017-12-04 16:03:01] . [2017-12-04 16:03:01] ready [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1250263727 512-byte logical blocks: (640 GB/596 GiB) [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 1f 00 10 08 [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, supports DPO and FUA [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sda: sda1 [2017-12-04 16:03:01] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [2017-12-04 16:03:02] EXT4-fs (sda1): recovery complete [2017-12-04 16:03:02] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [2017-12-04 16:03:03] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: hardware isn't capable of remote wakeup [2017-12-04 16:03:03] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [2017-12-04 16:03:03] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky[2017-12-04 16:03:04] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:102396k SSFS [2017-12-04 16:03:07] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xC5E1 [2017-12-04 16:03:09] random: crng init done